Can you write down your exact repro steps?
For me, using either VS2015, VS2017, or VS2019, the following steps work fine for me to be able to re-open and run the form that I saved.
1. Start Visual Studio
2. Create a new Project.
3. Select a WinForms application.
4. Name the project and solution.
Results:
An empty form shows up in the Windows Forms Designer in Visual Studio.
5. Add a Button control to the empty Form in the Forms Designer that is shown by default, and provide some text for it.
6. File.Save All
7. Press F5 to run the code.
Results:
A window pops up just like the form I'd edited.
9. Exit out of the window (by pressing the X close button on the window chrome).
10. Exit out of Visual Studio.
11. Start Visual Studio.
12. Load the solution from step 4 above.
Results:
Visual Studio loads the solution and the form is once again visible in the Windows Forms Designer.
13. Press F5 to run the code.
Results:
A window pops up just like previously.
14. Exit out of the window (by pressing the X close button on the window chrome).
15. Close the Forms Designer tab.
16. Exit out of Visual Studio.
17. Start Visual Studio
18. Load the solution from step 4 above.
Results:
Visual Studio loads the solution, but this time no Forms Designer because we closed it on step 15.
19. Double click on Form1.cs in the Solution Explorer.
Results.
The form with the control shows up in the Windows Forms Designer in Visual Studio.
20. Press F5 to run the code.
Results:
A window pops up just like previously.